バイオリンの調弦 初心者向け GDAE

Violin tuning intimidates many beginners: the strings are thin, the pegs are slippery, and you can hear when you're off by even a few cents. This guide explains the GDAE tuning, how to use pegs versus fine tuners, and how to verify your tuning with a free online tuner.

Violin Strings: G, D, A, E

A violin's four strings are tuned G3 (lowest, thickest), D4, A4 (reference pitch), and E5 (highest, thinnest). The intervals are perfect fifths: a relationship that makes tuning by ear easier than guitar once you can hear consonance.

Verify each string with our free tuner. It detects sustained bow tones reliably:

Tune A First, Then the Rest

Orchestras tune to A: the oboe plays an A and every section matches. You can do the same: tune your A string to A4 (440 Hz) first using the online tuner, then tune the other strings by ear or by tuner.

Bow each string with a slow, even stroke. Short choppy bowing produces unstable pitch that's hard for any tuner to read. Bow for 4–5 seconds while watching the needle settle.

Pegs vs Fine Tuners

Pegs make large tuning adjustments: use them when restringing, after long storage, or when a string is significantly out of tune. Apply inward pressure as you turn so the peg stays seated.

Fine tuners (the small thumbscrews at the tailpiece) make precision adjustments. Use them for everyday tuning once the string is close to pitch. Most violins have fine tuners on the E string at minimum; many have them on all four strings.

Common Violin Tuning Problems

Peg slips: humidity changes have made the peg loose. Apply peg compound (peg dope) to the peg shaft. If it still slips, take to a luthier for refitting.

Peg too tight to turn: cold weather has shrunk the wood around the peg. Don't force: wait for the violin to warm up, or apply peg compound.

String won't hold tune even after correctly winding: the string may be old or damaged. Replace if more than 6–12 months old.

Tuning by Ear

Once you have A tuned, play A and D together (two strings at once). Listen for "beating": a slow wavering sound. Adjust the D string until the beating stops; the two are then perfectly in tune.

Repeat for A+E (E should be the perfect fifth above A) and D+G. Advanced players check all four strings this way in 30 seconds.

When to Replace Strings

Modern violin strings (Dominant, Evah Pirazzi, Larsen) last 6–12 months for daily players. Signs you need new strings: dull tone, false fundamentals (the tuner shows multiple notes for one bowed string), or visible fraying near the bridge or nut.